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                <title level="a" xml:lang="en">Sauma, Rabban — <foreign xml:lang="syr">ܪܒܢ
                        ܨܘܡܐ</foreign>
                </title>
                <sponsor>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</sponsor>
                <funder>The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation</funder>
                <funder>The National Endowment for the Humanities</funder>
                <funder>The International Balzan Prize Foundation</funder>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole
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                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jwalters">James E. Walters</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson">Thomas A. Carlson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#kheal">Kristian Heal</editor>
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                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#kheal">Kristian Heal</name>
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                <respStmt>
                    <resp>German data entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#skhader">Samer Khader</name>
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                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, proofreading, data entry and revision by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, document design, data architecture, encoding, proofreading, data
                        entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A.
                        Michelson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Proofreading of GEDSH abstracts, addition of confessions and alternate
                        names from GEDSH, matching with viaf.org records, data entry, data
                        transformation, data merging, conversion to XML by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>GEDSH and Barsoum English name entry, matching with viaf.org records
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jwalters">James E. Walters</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, Syriac name entry, disambiguation research, conversion to XML
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson">Thomas A. Carlson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, Syriac data conversion, data entry, and reconciling by</resp>
                    <name ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#akane">Adam P.
                        Kane</name>
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                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing and Syriac data proofreading by</resp>
                    <name ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#abarschabo">Aram Bar
                        Schabo</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Syriac name entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#raydin">Robert Aydin</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Normalization of GEDSH dates and entry matching with viaf.org records
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#avawter">Alex Vawter</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editorial oversight for GEDSH and Barsoum English text entry, and
                        proofreading by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#cjohnson">Christopher Johnson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>GEDSH and Barsoum English text entry and proofreading by</resp>
                    <name type="org" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#uasyriacresearchgroup">the
                        Syriac Research Group, University of Alabama</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Entries adapted from the work of</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#uzanetti">Ugo Zanetti</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Entries adapted from the work of</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#cdetienne">Claude Detienne</name>
                </respStmt>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
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            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</authority>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/person/721/tei</idno>
                <availability>
                    <licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
                        <p>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
                            License.</p>
                    </licence>
                </availability>
                <date>2016-08-17-04:00</date>
            </publicationStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
        <title level="s" xml:lang="en">The Syriac Biographical Dictionary</title>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole
                    Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz">Daniel L. Schwartz</editor>
        <editor role="technical" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wpotter">William L. Potter</editor>
        <editor role="technical" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz">Daniel L. Schwartz</editor>
        <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/persons</idno>
      </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="m">A Guide to Syriac Authors</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <biblScope unit="volume" n="2">II</biblScope>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/authors</idno>
            </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="s">Gateway to the Syriac Saints</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/saints</idno>
            </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="m">Qadishe: A Guide to the Syriac Saints</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wpotter">Will Potter</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
                <biblScope unit="volume" n="1">I</biblScope>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/q</idno>
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                <p>This is a born digital project. However, our starting point for collecting this
                    data was the 470 saints contained in J. M. Fiey’s <title ref="http://syriaca.org/cbss/RQZYRVIQ">Saints syriaques</title>. Fiey's original
                    work has been expanded and the current database contains over 1000 entries.</p>
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                <interpretation>
                    <p>Approximate dates described in terms of centuries or partial centuries have
                        been interpreted as documented in <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/dates.html">Syriaca.org
                            Dates</ref>.</p>
                </interpretation>
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                            Syriac.org guidelines for headwords: <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/headwords.html">http://syriaca.org/documentation/headwords.html</ref>.</catDesc>
                    </category>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-anglicized">
                        <catDesc>An anglicized version of a name, included to facilitate
                            searching.</catDesc>
                    </category>
                </taxonomy>
                <taxonomy>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-author">
                        <catDesc>A person who is relevant to the Guide to Syriac Authors</catDesc>
                    </category>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-saint">
                        <catDesc>A person who is relevant to the Bibliotheca Hagiographica
                            Syriaca.</catDesc>
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                <p> Languages codes used in this record follow the Syriaca.org guidelines.
                    Documentation available at: <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/langusage.xml">http://syriaca.org/documentation/langusage.xml</ref>
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        <revisionDesc status="draft">
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz" when="2023-10">Significant updates to syriacaAll and syriacaPersons schemas have required updates to data and fixing of errors in the data. The most significant updates were to the relation, status, and seriesStmt elements and to the @ana att on person and personGrp.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz" when="2023-06">Major updates to data model in conjunction with schema work requiring some updates
                to data as well.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2020-07-07-05:00">CHANGED: Implemented July 2020 batch changes, see <ref target="https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/878">https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/878</ref>.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-08-17-04:00">Add relations and attestations for saints-overlap.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-08-17-04:00">Update persName texts nodes from new headwords.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-08-02+02:00" xml:id="change721-2">Merged in Baumstark data</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-07-27-04:00">Split names in authors into forename and surname.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-06-20-04:00">Move headword attribute from Gedesh to first English
                name.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-05-23+02:00" xml:id="change721-1">Merged in data from [duplicate record
                with same URI].</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson" n="1.0" when="2015-11-02-05:00">CREATED: person [duplicate record with same URI]</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Renumbered bibl xml:id attributes and source
                references to be sequential.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Abstracts, citation, additional names and confessions
                from GEDSH.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: syriaca-computed-end for elements with date
                attributes</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson" n="1.0" when="2014-07-31-05:00"> CREATED: person </change>
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            <listPerson>
                <person ana="#syriaca-author #syriaca-saint">
                    <persName xml:id="name721-1" xml:lang="en-x-gedsh" source="#bib721-1">
                        <forename sort="1">Ṣawma</forename>, <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">Rabban</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name721-10" xml:lang="en" resp="http://syriaca.org" srophe:tags="#syriaca-headword">
                        <forename sort="1">Sauma</forename>, <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">Rabban</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name721-2" xml:lang="syr" resp="http://syriaca.org" srophe:tags="#syriaca-headword">
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ܪܒܢ</addName>
                        <forename sort="1">ܨܘܡܐ</forename>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name721-3" xml:lang="en" source="#bib721-2">Rabban
                        Sauma</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="syr" xml:id="name721-4" source="#bib721-3">ܨܘܡܐ</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en-x-gedsh" xml:id="name721-5" resp="http://syriaca.org">ṣawmā</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en" xml:id="name721-6" resp="http://syriaca.org">Sauma</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr-x-zanetti" xml:id="name721-7" source="#bib721-3">Ṣaumā</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr" xml:id="name721-8" source="#bib721-3">Sauma</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en" xml:id="name721-9" resp="http://syriaca.org">Ṣawma, Rabban</persName>
                    <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/person/721</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/sourceID/SRP|person_721</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n91-127261</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/98182009</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/41027273</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/218255125</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/45104887</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/226583917</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/89688160</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/223650625</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/196810544</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://www.csc.org.il/db/browse.aspx?db=SB&amp;sL=R&amp;sK=Rabban
                        Sauma&amp;sT=keywords</idno>
                    <note xml:lang="en" type="abstract" corresp="http://syriaca.org/persons http://syriaca.org/authors">
                        <quote source="#bib721-1">Ṣawma was a monk of the Ch. of E. who, sometime
                            around 1275, set out from Dadu (also known as Khān Bālīq, i.e. modern
                            Beijing) in his native China with a younger disciple, Markos, on a
                            pilgrimage to <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/104">Jerusalem</placeName>.</quote>
                    </note>
                    <note xml:lang="en" type="abstract" resp="http://syriaca.org" corresp="http://syriaca.org/q http://syriaca.org/saints">In hagiography: <persName ref="http://syriaca.org/person/721">Sauma, Rabban</persName> is
                        commemorated as the monastic teacher and travelling companion of the monk
                        Markos who became the <persName ref="http://syriaca.org/person/810">catholicos Yahbalaha III</persName>. Acting on behalf of the
                        catholicos, Rabban Sauma travelled to <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/641">Constantinople</placeName>,
                            <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/641">Rome</placeName> and even
                            <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/863">Paris</placeName>.</note>
                    <floruit>
                        <date notBefore="1200" notAfter="1300" srophe:computed-end="1300-01-01" srophe:computed-start="1200-01-01" source="#bib721-1">13th cent.</date>
                    </floruit>
                    <state type="religious-affiliation" source="#bib721-1" ref="http://syriaca.org/taxonomy/ancient-church-of-the-east">
                        <desc xml:lang="en">Ancient Church of the East</desc>
                    </state>
                    <state type="status" ref="http://syriaca.org/taxonomy/authors" resp="http://syriaca.org">
                        <desc xml:lang="en">Author</desc>
                    </state>
                    <state type="status" ref="http://syriaca.org/taxonomy/saints" resp="http://syriaca.org">
                        <desc xml:lang="en">Saint</desc>
                    </state>
                    <bibl xml:id="bib721-1">
                        <author>
                            <persName>
                                <forename>J. P.</forename>
                                <surname>Amar</surname>
                            </persName>
                        </author>
                        <title level="a" xml:lang="en">Ṣawma, Rabban</title>
                        <title level="m" xml:lang="en">The Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the
                            Syriac Heritage</title>
                        <ptr target="http://syriaca.org/cbss/WB6KSF6Y"/>
                        <citedRange unit="p">360-361</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="bib721-2">
                        <title level="m" xml:lang="en">A Comprehensive Bibliography on Syriac
                            Christianity</title>
                        <ptr target="http://syriaca.org/cbss/M2B53VFA"/>
                        <citedRange unit="entry" target="http://www.csc.org.il/db/browse.aspx?db=SB&amp;sL=R&amp;sK=Rabban Sauma&amp;sT=keywords">Rabban Sauma</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="bib721-3">
                        <title level="m" xml:lang="la">Bibliotheca Hagiographica Syriaca</title>
                        <ptr target="http://syriaca.org/cbss/2KJEZZGS"/>
                        <citedRange unit="entry">689</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                    <bibl xml:id="bib721-4">
                        <title xml:lang="de">Baumstark, Geschichte der syrischen Literatur mit
                            Ausschluß der christlich-palästinensischen Texte</title>
                        <ptr target="http://syriaca.org/cbss/4SHD54H4"/>
                        <citedRange unit="p">325</citedRange>
                    </bibl>
                </person>
            </listPerson>
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