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                <title level="a" xml:lang="en">Gregorius bar Hebraeus — <foreign xml:lang="syr">ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ</foreign>
        </title>
                <sponsor>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</sponsor>
                <funder>The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation</funder>
                <funder>The National Endowment for the Humanities</funder>
                <funder>The International Balzan Prize Foundation</funder>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole
                    Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jwalters">James E. Walters</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson">Thomas A. Carlson</editor>
                <editor role="creator" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#kheal">Kristian Heal</editor>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Data from Macuch, Abuna, De Urbina, Duval, Assemani (vols. 1-2), Chabot,
                        Wright, and Brock collected, verified, reconciled, and entered by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#kheal">Kristian Heal</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>German data entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#skhader">Samer Khader</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, proofreading, data entry and revision by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, document design, data architecture, encoding, proofreading, data
                        entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A.
                        Michelson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Proofreading of GEDSH abstracts, addition of confessions and alternate
                        names from GEDSH, matching with viaf.org records, data entry, data
                        transformation, data merging, conversion to XML by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>GEDSH and Barsoum English name entry, matching with viaf.org records
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jwalters">James E. Walters</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, Syriac name entry, disambiguation research, conversion to XML
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson">Thomas A. Carlson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing, Syriac data conversion, data entry, and reconciling by</resp>
                    <name ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#akane">Adam P.
                        Kane</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editing and Syriac data proofreading by</resp>
                    <name ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#abarschabo">Aram Bar
                        Schabo</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Syriac name entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#raydin">Robert Aydin</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Arabic name entry by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jkaado">Jad Kaado</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Normalization of GEDSH dates and entry matching with viaf.org records
                        by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#avawter">Alex Vawter</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Editorial oversight for GEDSH and Barsoum English text entry, and
                        proofreading by</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#cjohnson">Christopher Johnson</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>GEDSH and Barsoum English text entry and proofreading by</resp>
                    <name type="org" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#uasyriacresearchgroup">the
                        Syriac Research Group, University of Alabama</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Entries adapted from the work of</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#uzanetti">Ugo Zanetti</name>
                </respStmt>
                <respStmt>
                    <resp>Entries adapted from the work of</resp>
                    <name type="person" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#cdetienne">Claude Detienne</name>
                </respStmt>
            </titleStmt>
            <editionStmt>
                <edition n="1.0"/>
            </editionStmt>
            <publicationStmt>
                <authority>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</authority>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/person/239/tei</idno>
                <availability>
                    <licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
                        <p>Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
                            License.</p>
                        <p>This entry incorporates copyrighted material from the following work(s): <listBibl>
                                <bibl>
                                    <ptr target="#bib239-4"/>
                                <note xml:lang="en" type="licence">used under a Creative Commons Attribution license <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"/>
                            </note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="licence">used under a Creative Commons Attribution license <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"/>
                            </note>
                </bibl>
                                <bibl>
                                    <ptr target="#bib239-3"/>
                                <note xml:lang="en" type="licence">used under a Creative Commons Attribution license <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"/>
                            </note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="licence">used under a Creative Commons Attribution license <ref target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"/>
                            </note>
                </bibl>
                            </listBibl>
                            
                        </p>
                    </licence>
                </availability>
                <date>2016-12-09+01:00</date>
            </publicationStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
        <title level="s" xml:lang="en">The Syriac Biographical Dictionary</title>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole
                    Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
        <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz">Daniel L. Schwartz</editor>
        <editor role="technical" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wpotter">William L. Potter</editor>
        <editor role="technical" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz">Daniel L. Schwartz</editor>
        <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/persons</idno>
      </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="m">A Guide to Syriac Authors</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson">Nathan P. Gibson</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <biblScope unit="volume" n="2">II</biblScope>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/authors</idno>
            </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="s">Gateway to the Syriac Saints</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/saints</idno>
            </seriesStmt>
            <seriesStmt>
                <title level="m">Qadishe: A Guide to the Syriac Saints</title>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wpotter">Will Potter</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor>
                <editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#jnsaint-laurent">Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent</editor>
                <biblScope unit="volume" n="1">I</biblScope>
                <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/q</idno>
            </seriesStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <p>This is a born digital project. However, our starting point for collecting this
                    data was the 470 saints contained in J. M. Fiey’s <title ref="http://syriaca.org/cbss/RQZYRVIQ">Saints syriaques</title>. Fiey's original
                    work has been expanded and the current database contains over 1000 entries.</p>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc>
            <editorialDecl>
                <p>This record created following the Syriaca.org guidelines. Documentation available
                    at: <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation">http://syriaca.org/documentation</ref>.</p>
                <interpretation>
                    <p>Approximate dates described in terms of centuries or partial centuries have
                        been interpreted as documented in <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/dates.html">Syriaca.org
                            Dates</ref>.</p>
                </interpretation>
            </editorialDecl>
            <classDecl>
                <taxonomy>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-headword">
                        <catDesc>The name used by Syriaca.org for document titles, citation, and
                            disambiguation. These names have been created according to the
                            Syriac.org guidelines for headwords: <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/headwords.html">http://syriaca.org/documentation/headwords.html</ref>.</catDesc>
                    </category>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-anglicized">
                        <catDesc>An anglicized version of a name, included to facilitate
                            searching.</catDesc>
                    </category>
                </taxonomy>
                <taxonomy>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-author">
                        <catDesc>A person who is relevant to the Guide to Syriac Authors</catDesc>
                    </category>
                    <category xml:id="syriaca-saint">
                        <catDesc>A person who is relevant to the Bibliotheca Hagiographica
                            Syriaca.</catDesc>
                    </category>
                </taxonomy>
            </classDecl>
        </encodingDesc>
        <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
                <p> Languages codes used in this record follow the Syriaca.org guidelines.
                    Documentation available at: <ref target="http://syriaca.org/documentation/langusage.xml">http://syriaca.org/documentation/langusage.xml</ref>
                </p>
            </langUsage>
        </profileDesc>
        <revisionDesc status="draft">
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz" when="2023-10">Significant updates to syriacaAll and syriacaPersons schemas have required updates to data and fixing of errors in the data. The most significant updates were to the relation, status, and seriesStmt elements and to the @ana att on person and personGrp.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson" when="2023-07">Cleaned up record as part of revision to schema (see github issue <ref target="https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/1059">https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/1059</ref>.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dschwartz" when="2023-06">Major updates to data model in conjunction with schema work requiring some updates
                to data as well.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2020-07-07-05:00">CHANGED: Implemented July 2020 batch changes, see <ref target="https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/878">https://github.com/srophe/srophe-app-data/issues/878</ref>.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-12-09+01:00">Changed @xml:lang 'en-xsrp1' to 'en-x-srp1'</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-08-17-04:00">Add relations and attestations for saints-overlap.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-08-17-04:00">Update persName texts nodes from new headwords.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-08-16-04:00">Insert new headwords, new headword id ends with
                '-h'.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson" when="2016-08-12-05:00">Add bibl ptr elements.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-08-02+02:00" xml:id="change239-2">Merged in Baumstark data</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-07-27-04:00">Split names in authors into forename and surname.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2016-06-20-04:00">Move headword attribute from Gedesh to first English
                name.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-05-27+02:00" xml:id="change239-1">Merged in data from [duplicate record
                with same URI].</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-05-13+02:00">CHANGED: Corrected swapped source attributes for data from
                Fiey and Zanetti [duplicate record with same URI]</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#ngibson" when="2016-04-22+02:00">Added French names from BHSE.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson" n="1.0" when="2015-11-02-05:00">CREATED: person [duplicate record with same URI]</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Renumbered bibl xml:id attributes and source
                references to be sequential.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Add alternate names for search
                functionality.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Add alternate names for search
                functionality.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: Abstracts, citation, additional names and confessions
                from GEDSH.</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#wsalesky" when="2014-10-15-04:00">ADDED: syriaca-computed-end for elements with date
                attributes</change>
            <change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#tcarlson" n="1.0" when="2014-07-31-05:00"> CREATED: person </change>
        </revisionDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <text>
        <body>
            <listPerson>
                <person ana="#syriaca-author #syriaca-saint">
                    <persName xml:id="name239-26" xml:lang="en" resp="http://syriaca.org" srophe:tags="#syriaca-headword">
                        <forename sort="2">Gregorius</forename>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">bar Hebraeus</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-1" xml:lang="en-x-gedsh" source="#bib239-1">
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">Bar ʿEbroyo</addName>, <forename sort="2">Grigorios</forename>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-23" corresp="#name239-3 #name239-4 #name239-5" xml:lang="en" source="#bib239-2">
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">Mar</addName>
                        <forename sort="2">Gregorius</forename>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">Bar Hebraeus</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-2" corresp="#name239-3 #name239-4 #name239-5" xml:lang="en" source="#bib239-2">
                        <forename sort="2">Gregorius</forename>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">Bar Hebraeus</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-3" corresp="#name239-2 #name239-4 #name239-5" xml:lang="ar" source="#bib239-3">
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">مار</addName>
                        <forename sort="2">غريغوريوس</forename>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ابو الفرج</addName>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">الملطي</addName>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">مفريان</addName>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">المشهور بابن العبري</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-4" corresp="#name239-2 #name239-3 #name239-5" xml:lang="syr" source="#bib239-4">
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ܡܪܝ</addName>
                        <forename sort="2">ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ</forename>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ܡܦܪܝܢܐ</addName>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-5" corresp="#name239-2 #name239-3 #name239-4" xml:lang="syr-Syrj" source="#bib239-4">
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ܡܳܪܝ</addName>
                        <forename sort="2">ܓܪܺܝܓܳܘܪܝܘܣ</forename>
                        <addName type="untagged-title" sort="2">ܡܰܦܪܝܳܢܐ</addName>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">ܒܰܪ ܥܶܒܪܳܝܐ</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-6" xml:lang="syr" resp="http://syriaca.org" srophe:tags="#syriaca-headword">
                        <forename sort="2">ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ</forename>
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">ܒܪ ܥܒܪܝܐ</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-7" xml:lang="en" resp="http://syriaca.org">
                        <addName type="family" sort="1">Bar ʿEbroyo</addName>, <forename sort="2">Gregory</forename>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-8" xml:lang="en" source="#bib239-1">Barhebraeus</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-9" xml:lang="en" source="#bib239-1">Abū
                        al-Faraj</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-10" xml:lang="en" source="#bib239-1">Barhebraeus</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-11" xml:lang="en-x-srp1" resp="http://syriaca.org">Bar Ebroyo
                        Grigorios</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-12" xml:lang="en-x-srp1" resp="http://syriaca.org">Bar ‘Ebroyo
                        Grigorios</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-13" xml:lang="en-x-srp1" resp="http://syriaca.org">Bar Ebroyo Gregory</persName>
                    <persName xml:id="name239-14" xml:lang="en-x-srp1" resp="http://syriaca.org">Bar ‘Ebroyo
                        Gregory</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr" xml:id="name239-15" source="#bib239-6">
                        <forename>Grégoire</forename>
                        <addName type="family">Barhebraeus</addName>
                    </persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="syr" xml:id="name239-16" source="#bib239-6">ܓܪܝܓܘܪܝܘܣ ܒܪ
                        ܥܒܪܝܐ</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en-x-gedsh" xml:id="name239-17" resp="http://syriaca.org">Grigorīyos bar
                        ʿEbroyo</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en" xml:id="name239-18" resp="http://syriaca.org">Gregory Bar-Hebraeus</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en" xml:id="name239-19" resp="http://syriaca.org">Gregory Bar Hebraeus</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr-x-zanetti" xml:id="name239-20" source="#bib239-6">Gīgōrīyōs bar ʾEḇrayā</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr" xml:id="name239-21" source="#bib239-6">Grégoire
                        Bar-Hebraeus</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="fr-x-fiey" xml:id="name239-22" source="#bib239-7">GRÉGOIRE
                        BAR HÉBRAEUS</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="en" xml:id="name239-24" resp="http://syriaca.org">Gregory Abu-l-Faraj, Bar ʿEbraya
                        [Bar Hebraeus]</persName>
                    <persName xml:lang="la" xml:id="name239-25" source="#bib239-11">Gregorius
                        Abu-l-Farag, Barhebraeus</persName>
                    <idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/person/239</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/sourceID/SRP|person_239</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/81959220</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n50-24350</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://worldcat.org/identities/np-gregorius, abu al
                        faraj$called bar hebraeus$1226 1286</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://worldcat.org/identities/np-gregorius abu al faraj$called
                        bar habraeus$1226 1286</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/245087233</idno>
                    <idno type="URI">http://viaf.org/viaf/240917046</idno>
                    <idno subtype="deprecated" type="URI">http://www.csc.org.il/db/browse.aspx?db=SB&amp;sL=B&amp;sK=Barhebraeus&amp;sT=keywords</idno>
                    <idno type="FIEY">176</idno>
                    <note xml:lang="en" type="abstract" corresp="http://syriaca.org/persons http://syriaca.org/authors http://syriaca.org/q http://syriaca.org/saints">
                        <quote source="#bib239-1">Maph. (since 1264) and polymath.</quote>
                    </note>
                    <note xml:lang="en" type="description" resp="http://syriaca.org">Gregory Bar Hebraeus was commerated as a
                        celebrated writer and polymath of the Syrian Orthodox church. He was born
                        near <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/136">Melitene</placeName>, the
                        son of a doctor named Aaron. Their family fled to <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/10">Antioch</placeName> in 1234. He became
                        a monk and then Bishop. He became the Maphrian of the Syrian orthodox
                        church, and spent much time near the communities near <placeName ref="http://syriaca.org/place/227">the monastery of Mar
                            Mattai</placeName>. He wrote on a wide variety of topics, from theology
                        to medicine.</note>
                    <birth>
                        <date notBefore="1225" notAfter="1226" srophe:computed-end="1226-01-01" srophe:computed-start="1225-01-01" source="#bib239-1">1225/6</date>
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