<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">The Christians Whose Force is Hard: Non-Ecclesiastical Judicial Authorities in the Early Islamic Period</title><title level="j">Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient</title><sponsor>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</sponsor><funder>The National Endowment for the Humanities</funder><funder>The International Balzan Prize Foundation</funder><editor role="general" ref="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#dmichelson">David A. Michelson</editor><editor role="creator" ref="https://www.zotero.org/cbsc_admin">cbsc_admin</editor><respStmt><resp>Record added to Zotero by</resp><name ref="https://www.zotero.org/cbsc_admin">cbsc_admin</name></respStmt></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>Syriaca.org: The Syriac Reference Portal</authority><idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/cbss/PES2ALF5/tei</idno><availability>
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    </availability><date>2024-08-15-04:00</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><p>Born digital.</p></sourceDesc></fileDesc><revisionDesc><change who="http://syriaca.org/documentation/editors.xml#autogenerated" when="2024-08-15-04:00">CREATED: This bibl record was autogenerated from a Zotero record.</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader><text><body><biblStruct type="journalArticle"><analytic><author><forename>Uriel I.</forename><surname>Simonsohn</surname></author><title level="a">The Christians Whose Force is Hard: Non-Ecclesiastical Judicial Authorities in the Early Islamic Period</title><idno type="URI">http://syriaca.org/cbss/PES2ALF5</idno><idno type="URI">https://www.zotero.org/groups/a_comprehensive_bibliography_on_syriac_studies/items/PES2ALF5</idno><idno type="URI">https://www.zotero.org/groups/4861694/items/PES2ALF5</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient</title><biblScope unit="vol">53</biblScope><imprint><date>2010</date></imprint><biblScope unit="pp">579-620</biblScope></monogr><note type="abstract">This paper examines the context in which church leaders in the regions of Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent, during the first few centuries after the Arab conquest, were objecting to the appeal of the their coreligionists to judicial authorities outside ecclesiastical control. Rather than assuming that from the outset of the Islamic conquest Muslim judges served as immediate judicial alternatives, the paper shows that, at least in the early Islamic period, church leaders were often aiming their exhortations towards Christians who sought the authority of other Christian figures from outside ecclesiastical jurisdiction.</note></biblStruct><bibl type="formatted" subtype="bibliography" resp="https://www.zotero.org/styles/chicago-note-bibliography-17th-edition">
  Simonsohn, Uriel I. “The Christians Whose Force Is Hard: Non-Ecclesiastical Judicial Authorities in the Early Islamic Period.” <title level="m">Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient</title> 53 (2010): 579–620.
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